Lighting Overview

The majority of all indoor and outdoor lighting in the home today is provided by incandescent lamps, commonly referred to as conventional "light bulbs".

When you consider that only 10% of the energy consumed by incandescent lamps is actually used to produce light (the rest ends up as heat) you can clearly see the potential for some significant energy savings.

Annually, lighting your home accounts for 5 to 10% of your total energy use. While this might not seem like a lot, multiply all of that energy being consumed by the hundreds and thousands of homes in our neighborhoods, communities, and towns ... and ... well ... the numbers quickly become HUGE!

Since we have already determined that there is a lot of energy being wasted on indoor and outdoor lighting, it stands to reason that significant energy savings can be achieved through conservation.

This may require some changes. It may mean changing the way you use lighting, or the amount of lighting you use. It can also mean changing the types of lighting in your home.

There are many things you can do to reduce the amount of energy used to light your home. We will point out several of them here, but first lets take a look at some of the various types of lighting available today.

Types of Lighting

Incandescent Lamps: The light bulb is the most widely used lamp in residential and many commercial and industrial lighting applications. Light bulbs have changed very little over the years. They are the cheapest form of lighting product, but they are also the most expensive and inefficient light source.

Halogen Lamps: These lamps are a type of incandescent lamp. They have a longer life than conventional light bulbs, but they are only slightly more efficient. Halogen lamps are best suited for lighting areas where a direct focus of light is required.

Linear Fluorescent Tubes: More light is produced from these lamps than from many other light sources. These lamps are the most common source of lighting in commercial facilities and can be found in many homes. Linear tube-type fluorescent lamps and fixtures have improved greatly over the last ten years. For home use, lamps vary in size from 2 feet to 5 feet in length.

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL's): These lamps are of the same technology as linear tubes, but much smaller. The smallest CFL's are just 4 - 5 inches long and 2 - 3 inches in diameter. They operate with a ballast and a screw base adapter to accommodate their use in many indoor and outdoor applications. Although CFL's are more expensive than standard light bulbs, they use only one quarter of the electricity. Also, CFL's can last more than 10 times as long as an incandescent.

The Sun: An excellent light source. A small amount can provide enough light for an entire room and can be the equivalent of dozens of incandescent lamps.

General Tips

• Make the most of natural daylight. There is no better source of light than natural daylight. You may need to rearrange some things to make the best use of daylight, but it's well worth the change. Consider adding a sky light to bring more sunshine to dark areas. Light colored interiors help to make the most of natural daylight and other lighting as well.

• Turn off the lights when not in use. Make it a habit to turn off the light when you leave a room. A fun idea for children would be to assign them the responsibility of "light police". Consider installing occupancy sensors, which automatically turn lights out when no one is in the room. Timers can be useful when you're out for the evening or on vacation. Outdoors: Use motion sensors on security lights.

• Use incandescent lights sparingly. It takes two 60-Watt bulbs or four 40-Watt bulbs to provide the same amount of light as one 100-Watt bulb. Follow manufacturers' directions for maximum wattage requirements. Also, use the minimum wattage necessary. Many major manufacturers make "Energy Miser" type bulbs, which use 5% - 13%, less energy. Consider using dimmers in areas where full lighting is not always required.

• Use task lighting wherever possible. You can save energy by reducing background lighting and focusing light right where it's needed through the use of "task" lighting. Turn off ceiling lights and use table lamps, track lighting, or under counter lights installed in work and hobby areas, and in kitchens.

• Replace incandescent lights with compact fluorescent lights. As previously discussed, fluorescent lighting is the most economical choice in the long run. Almost all lighting in the home can be provided by compact fluorescent without modification of your existing light fixtures. Don't use CFL's in light fixtures controlled by dimmer switches. You will need special CFL's designed for use in dimmer switches.

• Outdoors: use compact fluorescent floodlights, metal halide, or high-pressure sodium lights. High-pressure sodium lamps use 70% less energy than a standard floodlight and last up to eight times longer. Use light-sensing switches to turn lights on at dusk and off at dawn.

• Install linear, tube type, fluorescent light fixtures. If you are remodeling or even planning a new home, install permanent fluorescent fixtures where design permits. There are a wide variety of fluorescent fixtures on the market today. Consult with a lighting designer or visit a lighting showroom.