Low-Flow Showerheads
The hot water that many of us take for granted can account for a substantial
portion of your total energy costs, as much as 25% depending on use. In
many cases, showers can be the largest single contributor to overall hot
water use. Even a modest 10-minute shower can use up to 50 gallons of
hot water with a conventional showerhead. A low-flow showerhead can reduce
this by half or even more, without sacrificing the "feel" of
the shower. There are a wide variety of low-flow showerheads available,
including hand-held and designer models.
How it Works
By restricting the flow and forcing the water through very small apertures,
these showerheads aerate and increase the velocity of the water, creating
a very fine but "wet" feeling spray pattern. While a conventional
showerhead uses 4-5 gallons or more per minute, the low-flow type uses
approximately 2 - 2.5 gallons per minute, with some models using even
less. Many are equipped with a push-button shutoff valve which allows
the user to interrupt the flow of water while soaping up, saving even
more.
Replacing a conventional showerhead with a low-flow model is usually
a very quick and simple job. With a variety of adapters readily available,
they can be fitted to most standard shower arms, including the swivel-type.
Example of Savings
A family of 3 will take almost 1,100 showers per year! With conventional
showerheads using 5 gallons of hot water per minute, and assuming 10 minutes
per shower, the annual hot water usage would be 55,000 gallons. If the
conventional showerheads were replaced with low-flow models rated at 2.5
gallons per minute, the hot water use would be cut in half, saving 27,500
gallons annually. If this water is electrically heated, the annual cost
savings would be $321*. If the water is heated by natural gas the cost
savings would be approximately $103**. There would also be significant
reductions in your water bill.
Payback
Based on the typical costs listed below, the payback for installing low-flow
showerheads is almost immediate, depending on the frequency of showers.
Typical Cost
Standard Type: $8-$12
With shutoff valve: $10-$15
Designer and hand-held massage type: $15-$25+
*Assuming a typical electric water heater, with a 60° F
rise and a fuel cost of $.08/kWh
**Assuming a typical gas water heater, with a 60° F rise and a fuel cost
of $.60/therm